![]() It is one of the best things of UART that it requires just two wires ! The 5V line and ground for powering up the Arduino and other two for USART communication. The universal serial bus or USB has four pins in it : RX (receive), TX (transmit), 5V supply and the ground. Serial.read() tells the Arduino to read data coming from the computer and Serial.println() transmits data from the Arduino to the computer which is displayed on the Serial monitor. The baud rate indicates how many bits we are going to transfer in one second. Serial.begin(baud rate) function initiates the serial communication and is also used to set the data transfer rate for the communication. This data can be monitored using the Serial monitor in the IDE. Hence we can send and receive data through the USB connection. ![]() Arduino has an on board serial to USB converter so we can directly connect it to the computers. But modern computers does not include them and we need external serial to USB converter when using other micro-controllers. The communication may be simplex ( one direction only), full duplex ( both devices send and receive at the same time), half-duplex ( device takes turns to transmit and receive).įor UART communication we need COM ( for communication ) ports. ![]() At destination, a second UART re-assembles these bits into complete bytes. It takes bytes of data and transmits it in a sequential fashion. UART stands for Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter.
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